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HomeMy WebLinkAboutResolution No. 2026-017R CITY OF CLERMONT a_,,,e_- RESOLUTION NO_2026-017R A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF CLERMONT, LAKE COUNTY, FLORIDA, ADOPTING THE MAY 2026 FINANCE DEPARTMENT COMPREHENSIVE BUDGET POLICY; PROVIDING FOR FINDINGS, FUTURE AMENDMENT BY RESOLUTION, ADMINISTRATIVE CORRECTION OF SCRIVENER'S ERRORS, PUBLICATION AND EFFECTIVE DATE_ WHEREAS, Chapter 166, Florida Statutes, authorizes municipalities to adopt ordinances and resolutions in the exercise of its municipal powers; and WHEREAS, in May 2026, a Finance Department Comprehensive Budget Policy (the "Budget Policy") was provided to, among other things, serve as a Framework for the short-term and long-term financial planning ofthe City's resources and facilitate the maintenance and Funding oFthe City's capital needs; and WHEREAS,the Budget Policy complies with federal,state,and local laws and is essential to ensure that current programs, services, and capital assets are sustainable; and WHEREAS, the Budget Policy is a tool used to inform decision-makers of financial implications associated with current and proposed policies, projects, and programs as well as to guide decisions in alignment with the City's strategic goals_ NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED,BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CLERMONT,FLORIDA,as follows: SECTION 1: FINDINGS The above-stated WHEREAS clauses are hereby adopted by the City Council as findings in support of the provisions herein. SECTION 2: ADOPTION OF THE FINANCE DEPARTMENT COMPREHENSIVE BUDGET POLICY The City of Clermont hereby adopts the Budget Policy attached to this Resolution, and it is the intention of the City Council that this Policy will be utilized by the City Manager to manage the budgets as described therein_ SECTION 3: CONFLICT All resolutions or parts of resolutions in conflict with any of the provisions of this Resolution are hereby repealed. S- CLER' N, CITY OF CLERMONT :: RESOLUTION NO.2026-017R SECTION 4: SEVERABILITY If any portion of this Resolution is declared invalid,the invalidated portion shall be severed from the remainder of the Resolution, and the remainder of the Resolution shall continue in full force and effect as if enacted without the invalidated portion, except in cases where such continued validity of the remainder would clearly and without doubt contradict or frustrate the intent of the Resolution as a whole. SECTION 5: ADMINISTRATIVE CORRECTION This Resolution may be re-numbered or re-lettered, and/or corrected for typographical and/or scrivener's errors which do not affect the intent of said resolution, as authorized by the City Manager or designee,without need of public hearing, by filing a corrected copy of same with the City Clerk. SECTION 6: EFFECTIVE DATE This Resolution shall take effect immediately upon its adoption. ( CITY OF CLERMONT C� RESOLUTION NO. 2026-017R NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, that the above said resolution of the City Council of the City of Clermont, Lake County,Florida be adopted on this 9th day of June 2026. CITY OF CLERMONT Tim Murry, Mayor ATTEST: Tracy Ackroy Howe, MMC City Clerk Approved as to form anji legality j�iMW. gh, City Attorney 1 CDER ONT Choice of Champions Finance Department Comprehensive Budget Policy May 2026 Table of Contents Overviewof Budget Policies..........................................................................................................................5 BudgetAdministration Policy.........................................................................................................................6 Scope& Principles..................................................................................................................................6 Rolesand Responsibilities:.....................................................................................................................6 Preparation&Adoption:.........................................................................................................................7 BudgetaryControl...................................................................................................................................8 Monitoring& Reporting....................................................................................................................... l 1 Capital Improvement Planning(CIP)Policy.................................................................................................. 12 Purposeof the CIP................................................................................................................................ 12 CapitalPlan Development: ................................................................................................................... 12 Capital Improvement Funding: ............................................................................................................. 13 Multi-Year Capital Projects.................................................................................................................. 13 Capital Improvement Plan Amendments.............................................................................................. 13 UserFee&Charges Policy........................................................................................................................... 14 Purpose.................................................................................................................................................. 14 ConsiderationFactors............................................................................................................................ 14 Process of Establishing New Fees and Charges.................................................................................... 14 DebtManagement Policy.............................................................................................................................. 15 Overview............................................................................................................................................... 15 Purposesfor Debt Issuance................................................................................................................... 15 DebtService Structure.......................................................................................................................... 15 DebtLimitations................................................................................................................................... 15 Professional Services........................................................................................................................... 16 Investment of Debt Proceeds............................................................................................................... 16 DisclosureRequirements..................................................................................................................... 16 Policy Implementation and Amendments............................................................................................. 16 Fund Balance Reserve Policy....................................................................................................................... 17 Background........................................................................................................................................... 17 Purpose.................................................................................................................................................. 17 Fund Balance Definitions...................................................................................................................... 17 Reserve Requirements........................................................................................................................... 18 SpendingOrder of Fund Balances........................................................................................................ 18 Replenishment of Reserve Deficits....................................................................................................... 18 AnnualReview...................................................................................................................................... 18 Glossaryof Key Terms................................................................................................................................. 19 Exhibit A—Department Matrix....................................................................................................................22 Overview of Budget Policies Budget Administration Policy This Policy is intended to require that systematic procedures be used in the development,review,adoption, monitoring,and revision of the City's annual budget,and to set forth the general nature of those procedures.The City Manager shall establish,maintain and revise such detailed procedures as appropriate.It is intended to provide flexibility,establish adequate controls through budget monitoring and periodic reporting,and ensure that the overall distribution of resources achieves the results contemplated by the City Council. Capital Improvement Planning Policy The purpose of General Government's Capital Improvement Planning Policy is to: • Facilitate the timely construction,replacement and maintenance of City-owned capital assets and provide a framework for developing,maintaining and funding the capital needs of General Government. • Inform the public regarding future needs and the timing of City projects. • Enhance the City's credit rating by anticipating needs,thus avoiding the adverse fiscal impact of unforeseen emergencies and maximizing the potential use of intergovernmental funding. • Ensure General Government's future service delivery by developing a pay-as-you-go funding basis for asset replacement and maintenance;after the initial funding phase of 30 years or less,the funding for all asset replacements and maintenance is on hand and available as needed. User Fee Policy The purpose of a User Fees and Charges policy is to provide guidance and incorporate best practices in establishing fees and charges that adequately recover costs incurred for services rendered to individuals directly benefiting from the services. Debt Management Policy The Debt Management Policy establishes parameters for issuing debt and managing a debt portfolio that encompass existing legal,economic,financial and capital market conditions,the City's capital improvement needs,and its ability to repay financial obligations as they become due.The policy: • Guides the City in policy and debt issuance decisions. • Assists the City in maintenance,acquisition and replacement of appropriate capital assets for present and future needs. • Promotes sound financial management. • Enhances the City's credit rating. Fund Balance Policy It is essential that governments maintain adequate levels of fund balance to mitigate current and future risks (e.g.,revenue shortfalls and unanticipated expenditures)and to ensure stable tax rates.While the primary focus is on the General Fund,financial resources available in other funds should also be considered in assessing the adequacy of unrestricted fund balance in the general fund. Comprehensive Budget Policy 5 Budget Administration Policy Scope&Principles The budget is the primary financial planning tool for the City.It is used to set forth the City's estimates of resources available to fund services and to specify the way in which those resources will be applied.Unless otherwise noted,the Budget Policy shall apply to all funds of the City which are accounted for in the City's Annual Comprehensive Financial Report(ACFR). The City's annual budget is prepared for the fiscal year beginning October Is'and ending September 301 of the following year. The operating budget represents the financial plan for the City and serves as a policy document for the distribution of City resources in alignment with the long-term vision, mission, and goals of the City. The four uses of a budget document are: Policy Document, Financial Plan, Operations Guide, and Communications Device. More specifically: ■ As a Policy Document, the budget document must, at minimum, provide a coherent statement of the organization-wide strategic goals and strategies to address short and long- term concerns. ■ As a Financial Plan,the budget document must,at minimum,include a summary of major revenues and expenditures; financing sources and uses; and explain the long-range financial plans and their impact upon the budget. • As an Operations Guide,the budget document must,at minimum,include an organization- wide chart; schedule or table summary of personnel or position counts(prior,current,and budgeted year); describe activities, services, or functions carried out by organizational units;and include goals and objectives of the organizational units. ■ As a Communications Device, the budget document must, at minimum, include a comprehensive table of contents and provide an overview of significant budgetary issues. Like any plan,the budget must be carefully monitored as the year progresses so that material variances are identified and corrective action taken. Further, since no plan will prove to be an absolutely accurate prediction of future events, management must have sufficient flexibility to make adjustments during the year that do not materially alter the general intent of the City Council when adopting the budget. This Policy is intended to provide flexibility,to establish adequate controls through budget monitoring and periodic reporting, and to ensure that the overall distribution of resources achieves the results contemplated by the City Council. Roles and Responsibilities Citizens of Clermont Participate in public budget workshops and formal public hearings to voice support or concerns regarding budget proposals including spending on capital projects, operational programs, and revenue proposals City Council The City Council establishes policies regarding service levels and priorities that provide guidance to management in preparing the recommended budget. Through its legislative authority to approve and adopt the budget,the City Council ensures that the budget reflects those policies. It also reviews budget compliance and approves budget amendments throughout the fiscal year. Comprehensive Budget Policy 6 City Manager The City Manager is responsible for proposing to the City Council a balanced budget that is consistent with established service level priorities and sound business practices,and for establishing a system for the preparation, execution, and control of the budget that provides reasonable assurance that the intent of this policy is met. City Attorney The City Attorney is responsible for preparing the budget resolution or ordinance in a form consistent with all legal requirements. City Clerk The City Clerk is responsible for maintaining records of all City Council proceedings relating to the budget, including all documents filed as part of those proceedings. Finance Department Responsible for the development, monitoring, and administration of the city's annual operating budget and Capital Improvement Program. Directors&City Staff Department Directors and staff are responsible for adhering to the policies and procedures outlined in the Budget Administration Policy. See "Exhibit A —Department Matrix" for the responsibility hierarchy of departments and organizational units(divisions). Preparation&Adoption: This Policy is intended to require that systematic procedures be used in the development, review, adoption, monitoring, and revision of the budget, and to set forth the general nature of those procedures. The City Manager shall establish,maintain and revise such detailed procedures as appropriate. Budget Calendar A budget calendar shall be provided to the City Council each year at the beginning of the budget process. The calendar shall set forth,at a minimum,dates for the following: • Review,discussion,and adoption of service level priorities by the City Council • Presentation of the City Manager's proposed budget to the City Council • Actions of the City Council as required by law Basis of Budgeting Budgets are adopted for the general fund,special revenue funds,debt service funds on a basis consistent with generally accepted accounting principles except is it relates to the use of prior year's fund balances. This is represented by unappropriated liquid assets remaining in the fund as budgeted revenue in the succeeding year. The results of operations on a GAAP basis do not recognize the fund balance allocation as revenue as it represents prior periods' excess of revenues over expenditures. Form and Content of the City Manger's Recommended Budget The budget is a communication document intended to describe activities,services,and functions carried out through departmental goals and objectives and continuation of performance indicators. The document includes departmental business plans and organizational layouts for the City in support of the policy and goals established by the City Council. Comprehensive Budget Policy 7 The City Manager's proposed budget shall be presented in a form which is sufficient to allow the City Council to review: • Projected revenues by major category within and across all funds • Operating expenditures and disbursements by fund,department and program/project • Staffing levels,with a summary of all personnel changes(new positions,reclassifications, etc.)with assigned job titles • Capital improvement expenditures by project Comparisons of the preceding year's actual experience and current year's projected experience shall be provided for each category of revenue and expenditure shown in the budget. The Proposed and Adopted Financial and Operating Plan shall include a description of the service levels to be provided, a statement of changes to the service levels as compared to the current year,and accompanying departmental performance measures under the proposed budget. Adoption of the Budget The budget shall be prepared on an annual basis and adopted by the City Council at the fund and department level. The budget will be adopted to meet form and schedule as required by Florida Statutes. In accordance with Florida Statutes 166.241(2),the City must adopt a balanced budget each year. Balanced Budget Definition The City shall adhere to the Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA) Best Practice definition of a structurally balanced budget. A true structurally balanced budget is one that supports financial sustainability for multiple years into the future. GFOA recommends that governments maintain structural balance where recurring revenues are greater than or equal to recurring expenditures in the adopted budget. More specifically: ■ It is appropriate to use excess unassigned fund balance for one-time expenditures. However, as part of the City's pursuit for a structurally balanced budget,fund balance shall not be used as a long-term approach to balancing the budget. Any use of fund balance which would result in a remaining fund balance less than the City's established minimum reserve must comply with the requirements of the City's Fund Balance Policy. ■ New programs shall not be budgeted or implemented until the full annual cost and the financial impact can be reasonably projected. New or expanded service appropriations should be implemented simultaneously with an associated off-setting new revenue source,an existing revenue source increase and/or other expenditure reduction. • The tax rate shall be adequate to produce sufficient revenues to cover City services approved by the City Council. This definition excludes non-operating funds like capital, debt funds, and in certain circumstances special revenue funds. Budgetary Control Budgetary control is maintained at the fund and department level. The department level of control is the highest level in which management may reassign resources without City Council approval.Additionally, expenditures shall not exceed budget appropriations at the department level.Budget accountability rests primarily with the operating departments of the City,with oversight by the Finance Department. Comprehensive Budget Policy 8 Account Structure Definition The following table defines the structure of the city's chart of accounts as it relates to general financial management,including budget amendments and transfers. Expenditure Example: 10521-12120-99012 Fund Department or Object Code Project Code Organizational Unit 10 521 12120 99012 General Fund Police Department Overtime Hurricane Milton Revenue Example: 10314-31410 Fund Organizational Code Object Code - 10 314 31410 - General Fund Utility Service Tax Electricity - Project Code Requirements Project codes are created by the Finance Department in order to organize budgets,expenses,and revenues connected to a specific location,operation,construction project,or grant. In addition to helping to organize the city account structure,project codes also serve to distinctly identify federal grant funds so that they are not intermingled with regular funds,as required by Federal Uniform Guidance(2 CFR 200). Project codes are required for all grants and can be created for other purposes as requested by other departments. Operating Budget Carry-Forward Operating budgets do not typically carry forward from one fiscal year to the next unless it meets the following criteria: ■ The expenditure is non-recurring(one-time)and not budgeted in the subsequent fiscal year; ■ A Purchase Order(P.O.)has been created to encumber the funds in the prior fiscal year. ■ Under no circumstances can the operating budget carry forward for more than one-year. Departments and Offices wishing to carry forward operating budgets(based on the criteria above)must submit a memo to the Budget Manager explaining the reason for the carry-forward,the account number(s), and relevant Purchase Order number(s). Departments and Offices may not carry-forward non-discretionary accounts(such as personnel services accounts, liabilities,internal service fund accounts). Automatic Adjustments and Reappropriations All appropriations that have not been expended,encumbered,or appropriated to ongoing capital improvement projects shall lapse at the end of the fiscal year. ■ The Fiscal Year Budget shall include the re-appropriation and re-authorization of encumbrances,contracts and capital allocations and other commitments of balances identified and outstanding,reserved or accrued in the previous fiscal year.The City Manager is authorized to carry out the re-appropriation of encumbrances contracts,capital allocations and other commitments of balances identified and outstanding,reserved or accrued as of September 30 into the subsequent fiscal year. ■ Unfinished multiple year capital projects—the new fiscal year budget will include multiple year capital project budgets. ■ Re-appropriations will be identified and reported to the City Council during the first quarter of the subsequent year in the form of a budget amendment. Comprehensive Budget Policy 9 Grant Budget Carry-Forward Grant appropriations, unlike operating budget appropriations, may take multiple fiscal years to spend down. To avoid negatively affecting the progress of grant activities, the City Manager shall have the authority (per the annual budget adoption resolution) to administratively rollover up to 100% of the available balances of grant funds from one fiscal year to the next fiscal year. Exceptions may apply to grants expected to be completed or closed by the prior fiscal year-end and grants that have no known pending payments to be made in the prior fiscal year. At the end of the fiscal year,prior to the execution of the rollover,City Departments/Offices shall review a list of their respective grants. The departments shall provide the Finance Department with the status of the grant and amounts requested to rollover (which cannot exceed the available funds of the grant). Re- appropriations will be identified and reported to the City Council during the first quarter of the subsequent year in the form of a budget amendment. Administrative Budget Transfers Administrative budget transfers include transfers from one line item to another within a department's operating budget, within a capital project, or changes between divisions (organizations) within a department. More specifically: ■ Budget transfer requests of$50,000 or less require approval by the department head and authorization by the Budget Manager;and • Budget transfers between$50,000 and$100,000 require the previously stated approvers as well as the Finance Director and City Manager (or designee) approval. The transfers, must be made within the same organizational unit(department)within a distinct fund. ■ Budget transfers that result from the assignment of a capital project code due to a City-Council approved capital project/purchase. ■ Where the budget transfer is the result of the creation of accounts and transfer of funds necessitated by the creation or amendment of a division within a department, or the creation or amendment of a special office within the Office of the City Manager,the City Manager (or City Manager's Designee) may approve the budget transfer without City Council action. All administrative budget transfers shall be documented and tracked in the City's financial management system. Budget Amendments by the City Council The annual budget is the primary short-term financial planning tool for the City. It is used to set forth the City's estimates of resources available to fund services and to specify the way in which to use those resources. Like any plan,the budget requires careful monitoring as the year progresses,so that material variances are identified and action taken to correct them.Further,since no plan will prove to be an absolutely accurate reflection of future events,management must have sufficient flexibility to make adjustments during the year which does not materially alter the general intent of the City Council when adopting the budget. Budget amendments requiring City Council approval are those amendments which result in a change to the total appropriations of a department or fund and/or exceed the City Manager's approval threshold. The following amendments require City Council approval ■ The acceptance and appropriation of a grant award; ■ Un-budgeted transfers over$100,000; ■ The appropriation of additional funding if expenditures are projected to exceed budgeted amounts; Comprehensive Budget Policy 10 ■ Any budget transfers and adjustments within a sixty(60)day period following the close of the fiscal year,per Florida Statute 166.241; ■ Adjustments to reflect unanticipated revenues or receipts;and ■ Transfers of appropriation from one department or fund to another. Monitoring& Reporting The City Manager or designee shall provide a quarterly monitoring report to the City Council.With the report, the City Manager shall provide recommendations to the City Council regarding any action that should be taken by the City Council to amend the budget or address issues identified in the monitoring report. Comprehensive Budget Policy 11 Capital Improvement Plannin:- (CIP) Policy The City shall develop a 5-year capital improvement plan during each budget cycle. Purpose of the CIP The purpose of the Capital Improvement Planning Policy is to: ■ Facilitate the timely construction,replacement and maintenance of City-owned capital assets and provide a framework for developing,maintaining and funding the capital needs of General Government. ■ Inform the public regarding future needs and the timing of City projects. ■ Enhance the City's credit rating by anticipating needs,thus avoiding the adverse fiscal impact of unforeseen emergencies and maximizing the potential use of intergovernmental funding. ■ Ensure General Government's future service delivery by developing a pay-as-you-go funding basis for asset replacement and maintenance;after the initial funding phase of 30 years or less,the funding for all asset replacements and maintenance is on hand and available as needed. Each year, as part of the annual budget development process, the City shall adopt a Five-Year Capital Improvement Plan (CIP). Only the projects and purchases included in the first year of the CIP shall be appropriated in the budget as adopted by the City Council. Projects and purchases presented in subsequent years are shown for planning purposes as a statement of intent, and do not have approved appropriations. The CIP is necessary to provide adequate consideration of the City's short-term and long-term needs and strategic goals, as well as to evaluate the options and timing availability of funds to address those needs. The CIP includes major construction, expansion, purchase, or major repair of buildings, utility systems, City roadways, and other physical structures of equal to or higher than the City's Capitalization Policy. The CIP also includes funding consideration for major fleet and equipment replacement needs. Capital Plan Development Annually the Department Directors shall review a list of existing capital projects to re-estimate the costs of active projects and capital purchases, determine if reallocation or additional funds are necessary, and identify new projects and capital purchases needed to achieve the City's strategic goals. Directors shall provide the City Manager recommendations based on the following criteria: ■ The Project/purchase is mandated to meet federal or state laws,consent decree,regulatory requirements,and/or court ruling; ■ The impact on health,security,and safety of the public and/or employees; ■ The risk of infrastructure failure and/or degradation of service; ■ The extent to which the project aligns with the City's strategic goals; ■ The cost of the project,asset life cycle,ongoing operating costs associated with the project, and potential revenue impact(such as increases to charges,fees,and taxes); ■ The resources available to fund the project; ■ The sustainability of project including the impact of long-term environmental threats;and ■ The extent to which the project will improve the quality of life for residents. Once approved by the City Manager,the Five-Year Capital Improvement Plan will be presented to the City Council for approval and adoption as part of the annual budget adoption process. Comprehensive Budget Policy 12 Capital Improvement Funding Funding the Capital Improvement plan shall be accomplished with a wide range of resources. These may include current revenues, fund balance reserves, and debt financing. Examples of current revenues include grants or special revenues such as impact fees.As a general rule, funding for capital projects shall be in the order of most restrictive to least restrictive. For each individual project,the Finance Director shall consider all available sources and utilize the most-restricted source first. The City will maintain a"Capital Projects & Expenditures Fund" for governmental capital activities. The primary funding source shall be an interfund transfer from the General Fund, based upon the results of the previous fiscal year annual audit. Upon the conclusion of the audit, the Finance Director shall prepare a status report of all Fund Balances in comparison to the requirements of the Fund Balance Policy. In the event the Unassigned Fund Balance in the General Fund exceeds the amount required by the policy, the Budget Manager shall — in accordance with the Fund Balance Reserve Policy - prepare an interfund transfer via budget amendment to support capital plan funding. Multi-Year Capital Projects Capital project appropriations, unlike operating budget appropriations, are typically one-time in nature and the projects may take multiple fiscal years to complete and use the appropriations. The timing of the carry- forward (also known as rollovers) is critical as it may impede the departments' ability to complete the project and/or pay vendors in a timely manner. To avoid negatively affecting the progress of capital projects, the City Manager shall have the authority (per the annual budget adoption resolution) to administratively rollover the available balances of City Council approved capital project funds from one fiscal year to the next fiscal year. Re-appropriations will be identified and reported to the City Council during the first quarter of the subsequent year in the form of a budget amendment, in accordance with the Budget Administration Policy. Capital Improvement Plan Amendments Budgetary control of capital projects shall be in accordance with the budgetary control section of the Budget Administration Policy. Comprehensive Budget Policy 13 User Fee & Charges Policy Purpose The purpose of a User Fees and Charges policy is to provide guidance and incorporate best practices in establishing fees and charges that adequately recover costs incurred for services rendered to individuals directly benefiting from the services. As a general policy, the City may collect up to 100%of the full cost of providing the services or subsidize the cost using the City's funds. User fees and charges shall not exceed the full cost of providing the service. Unless otherwise stated in a City ordinance or resolution,user fees and charges shall be assessed periodically as part of the budget development process. Revisions to user fees and charges shall be captured in the City's Comprehensive Schedule of Fees. Consideration Factors The following factors shall be taken into consideration when establishing user fees and charges: ■ Does the service benefit the community,individuals,or groups receiving the service? ■ What is the full cost of providing the service? This shall include: direct labor, fringe, equipment, materials, contractual services, utilities, cost allocation costs, internal service charges,and other City-wide indirect cost rates. ■ Will the fee or charge pose a hardship on specific users? • Do any other municipalities in the region charge the same or similar fees or charges?If so,how do the proposed fees or charges compare in rates? • Will the establishment of the fee or charge for service create undue demands on City resources? ■ What was the last increase or decrease to the fee or charge? ■ Is this fee or charge currently charged by another City Department or Office? ■ Are there laws that regulate the proposed fee or charge? Process of Establishing New Fees and Charges Departments wishing to create a new fee or charge for service shall assess the feasibility of the fee or charge based on the Consideration Factors listed above. Creation on a new fee or adjustment to an existing fee requires the approval of the City Council. All fees shall be reviewed during the annual budget process,and recommended changes shall be included in the proposed budget. If approved by the City Manager,the Finance Department shall work in coordination with City Departments to update the Comprehensive Schedule of Fees resolution to include the new fees and/or charges. The Finance Department shall create new accounts for the approved fees and/or charges in consideration of the Uniformed Accounting System Manual as published by the Florida Department of Financial Services. There may be occasions when the Finance Department may decide not to include a budgeted revenue estimate for the new fees and charges until a full year of revenue has been collected. A full year of revenue collections will provide staff with a baseline of actuals that may be used to determine the subsequent fiscal year's budget. Comprehensive Budget Policy 14 Debt Management Policy Overview This debt management policy is adopted to assist the government in meeting its goals and objectives by contributing to the ongoing financial health and stability of the City of Clermont.It facilitates access to the debt markets to meet both scheduled and unscheduled needs,assists the organization in controlling the types and levels of outstanding obligations,and provides a framework within which each potential issuance can be evaluated. The Debt Management Policy establishes parameters for issuing debt and managing a debt portfolio that encompass existing legal, economic, financial and capital market conditions, the City's capital improvement needs,and its ability to repay financial obligations as they become due. The policy: • Guides the City in policy and debt issuance decisions. • Assists the City in maintenance,acquisition and replacement of appropriate capital assets for present and future needs. • Promotes sound financial management. • Enhances the City's credit rating. Purposes for Debt Issuance The City may issue debt for the purposes of- Constructing or acquiring capital improvements • Making major renovations to existing capital improvements as defined in the City's Capital Improvement Plan • Acquiring Land • Refunding outstanding debt when feasible and desirable • Generating a net economic benefit for the City. Projects included in the Capital Improvements Plan during the annual budget process incorporate the priorities and needs identified in the City's Comprehensive Plan. To the extent practicable,debt will not be authorized by the City Council for the purpose of funding capital projects unless those projects are included in the Capital Improvement Plan. Debt Service Structure Debt will be structured to achieve the lowest possible net cost to the City given market conditions and the urgency of the capital project.Generally,debt repayments shall be structured to achieve relatively level debt service.To the extent possible,the repayment schedule should permit rapid recapture of the City's credit capacity for future use.Absent a compelling economic or policy reason to the contrary,the City will structure its payment streams to repay 50 percent of its outstanding principal within 10 years. Debt Limitations Absent a compelling economic or policy reason to the contrary,the City's total outstanding debt service (principal and interest)will not exceed the lesser of the following: • 10%of the City's taxable property value,or • $3,000 in per capita total outstanding debt service,or • Per capita debt(principal only)will not exceed 6%of per capital income. These restrictions will be tested prior to any new debt issuance and will be based on the most recent annual audit.Any deviation from the criteria for compelling reasons will be fully documented. Comprehensive Budget Policy 15 Professional Services The City shall retain external professional services as necessary for debt issuances,including but not limited to the following areas: Financial Advisor The City shall retain an external financial advisor to assist in the process of debt issuance,administration and analysis.The advisor will be selected through a competitive process and serves under a multi-year contractual agreement.Evaluation factors for selection of the financial advisor include knowledge and experience in structuring and analyzing complex debt issues,experience in providing services to municipal issuers,and experience and qualifications of assigned personnel. Services provided to the City by the financial advisor shall include but are not limited to the following: • Evaluation of proposals submitted to the City by investment banking firms • Monitoring of marketing opportunities • Structuring,pricing,and timing of issues • Preparation of requests for proposals for other financial services(e.g., paying agent and registrar, printing,credit facilities) • Advice,assistance and preparation for presentations with rating agencies Bond Counsel The City shall retain external bond counsel through a multi-year contractual agreement for all City- issued debt. Bond counsel provides necessary legal services to the City in negotiation and preparation of required documents connected with the issuance of debt. All debt issued by the City includes a written opinion by the City's bond counsel concerning the validity and binding nature of the agreements as well as the determination of the debt's federal income tax status. Selection criteria will include extensive experience in public finance issues. Investment of Debt Proceeds Debt proceeds are invested in permitted investments, as defined in financing agreements, escrow agreements,resolutions, and the City's written investment policy. The City will not invest any proceeds in a manner that would cause the City's bonds to be deemed private activity bonds or arbitrage bonds. The City will comply with all federal tax arbitrage regulations and remit any required payments on a timely basis. Disclosure Requirements The City complies with all requirements of related federal and state securities laws,rules and regulations, including Securities and Exchange Commission Rule 15c 2-12. To this end,the City will provide full and fair disclosure in connection with the initial sale and distribution of its publicly marketed debt instruments as well as ongoing secondary market information. Policy Implementation and Amendments This debt management policy has been adopted by the Clermont City Council. Any amendments to this policy must be similarly approved by the City Council. The Finance Director,as designated by the City Manager, is responsible for implementing the policies set forth in this document and for maintaining proper oversight to ensure compliance with this debt management policy. Comprehensive Budget Policy 16 Fund Balance Reserve Policy Background Governmental Accounting Standards Board(GASB)Statement#54(Fund Balance Reporting and Governmental Fund type Definitions)governs how funds are presented and classified within financial statements. The Government Finance Officers Association(GFOA)recommends that governments establish a formal policy on the level of unrestricted fund balance in the General Fund that should be maintained. Purpose This policy provides for a stable financial environment that allows the City to provide quality services in a fiscally responsible manner.This policy is adopted to ensure the City maintains adequate fund balance and reserves to provide the capacity to: 1. The purpose of the Reserves Policy is to provide sufficient cash flow for daily financial needs 2. Secure and maintain investment grade bond ratings. 3. Offset significant economic downturns and revenue shortfalls. 4. Provide funds for unforeseen expenditures related to emergencies. Furthermore,the policy articulates a framework and process for how the city shall increase or decrease the level of unrestricted fund balance over a specific time period,as well as provide guidance in the policy for how resources will be directed to replenish fund balance should the balance fall below the level determined. Fund Balance Definitions In general,fund balance is the difference between revenues and expenditures.The difference between assets and liabilities can also be considered in the reported governmental funds.GASB#54 establishes fund balance classifications that comprise a hierarchy based primarily on the extent to which a government is bound to observe constraints imposed upon the use of resources reported in governmental funds. The City shall maintain reservations of Fund Balance specified as the following classifications: Non-Spendable Fund Balance—amounts that cannot be spent because they are either(a)not in spendable form (inventory or long-term receivables)or(b)amounts legally or contractually required to be maintained intact. Restricted Fund Balance—amounts restricted when constraints are placed on the use of reserves due to: (a)amounts that can be spent only for specific purposes as stipulated by external resource providers such as creditors, granters, contributors, or(b)by law through constitutional provisions or enabling legislature. Committed Fund Balance—amounts that can only be used for specific purposes pursuant to constraints imposed by formal action(resolution or ordinance)of the City Council,the City's highest level of decision-making authority. Committed amounts cannot be used for any other purpose unless the City Council removes or changes the specified use by taking the same type of formal action(resolution or ordinance)it employed to commit those amounts. Assigned Fund Balance—amounts in the assigned fund balance classification are intended to be used by the City for specific purposes but do not meet the criteria to be classified as committed. The Council is the only body that may assign fund balance. The Council may also assign fund balance as it does when appropriating fund balance to cover a gap between estimated revenue and appropriations in the subsequent year's budget. Unlike commitments,assignments generally only Comprehensive Budget Policy 17 exist temporarily. In other words,additional action does not normally have to be taken for the removal of an assignment. Unassigned Fund Balance—the residual classification for the General Fund, available for any legal purpose. Reserve Requirements General Fund The City shall maintain an Unrestricted Fund Balance of 25%of the General Fund's annual total expenditures(less capital outlay).The most recently completed annual audit(Statement of Revenues, Expenditures,and Changes in Fund Balances)shall be the source of calculation for the next budget cycle. Unassigned Fund Balance that exceeds the 25%requirement may be transferred to the Capital Projects& Expenditures Fund as recommended by the City Manager and approved by the City Council during the annual budget process. Enterprise Funds The City shall maintain unrestricted net assets equal to 90 days of actual operating expenses of the prior fiscal year.This reserve is needed to cover short-term cash flow variations,economic downturns,and emergencies. The City shall establish committed or assigned reserve amounts identified as Capital Replacement Reserves in order to set aside funds for future major capital projects. The amounts shall be set by the City Council through the annual budget adoption process. Other Funds All other funds,including Special Revenue Funds and Capital Project Funds,do not have a fund balance requirement.Fund balances in these funds are dictated by revenue sources and a schedule of capital projects. The amount of any reservation of Fund Balance shall be governed by the legal authority underlying the creation of the individual funds. Spending Order of Fund Balances The City uses restricted amounts to be spent first when both restricted(Non-Spendable Fund Balance and Restricted Fund Balance)and unrestricted fund balances(Committed Fund Balance,Assigned Fund Balance and Unassigned Fund Balance)are available unless there are legal documents/contracts that prohibit doing this, such as grant agreements requiring dollar for dollar spending. Replenishment of Reserve Deficits If, at the end of any fiscal year,the actual amount of Unassigned Fund Balance falls below the targeted levels set forth herein, a plan shall be established to achieve the target by adding designated amounts to the budget to cover the deficiency over a period not to exceed three (3)fiscal years. Annual Review Compliance with the provisions of this Policy shall be reviewed as part of the annual budget adoption g Process.Minimum reserve targets may also be reviewed during th e budget process.In any Year,the City Council may deviate from the targeted amounts established herein based on unusual or unforeseen circumstances. Comprehensive Budget Policy 18 Glossary of Key Terms Accrual: An accrual is an accounting entry recognizing revenues or expenses that have been incurred but not yet received or spent. Please see Modified Accrual Basis of Accounting. Annual Budget: A budget applicable to a single fiscal year. Appropriation: A legal authorization granted by a legislative body (e.g., the City Council) to incur obligations and make expenditures for specific purposes. Balanced Budget: A balanced budget(particularly that of a government)is a budget with revenues equal to expenditures,and neither a budget deficit nor a budget surplus. Bond Issue: A borrowing based upon certificates of debt containing a promise to pay a specified sum of money (face value or principal) at a specified date or dates in the future (maturity date) together with periodic interest at a specific rate. Budget: A fiscal plan of operation. The budget is comprised of proposed expenditures and proposed revenues together with specific authorizations and restrictions as appropriate. It also includes the current and prior fiscal period history. The budget quantifies executive and legislative objectives and provides a means to measure performance. As a guide for operations, the budget changes over time in response to changes in conditions.The budget embodies public policy and provides insight into how that policy will be implemented. It serves as a policy document,a financial plan, an operations guide, and a communications device to the City's various stakeholders. Budget Amendment: Changes to the Adopted Budget. Capital Budget: The first year of the capital improvement plan which includes capital project appropriations and the revenues required to support the projects. Capital Improvement Plan: All capital expenditures are planned for the next five years. The program specifies both proposed projects and the resources estimated to be available to fund projected expenditures. Charges: These refer to a revenue source for a program that is attributable to a particular service provided. An example would be revenue for the water and sewer fund based upon the usage of water by a customer. Cost Allocation: A study and analysis designed to recover indirect costs from activities for the administration of specific services provided to those activities. Cost Recovery: Recouping a portion of or all costs associated with a particular service provided by a government agency to the public. The user fees determine the percentage of a service that is recovered. Debt: An obligation resulting from the borrowing of money or the purchase of goods and services. Debt instruments used by the City of Clermont may include general obligation bonds(G.O.), special obligation bonds, bond anticipation notes, tax anticipation notes and bank loans. All debt instruments must be approved by the City Council. All G. O.bonds must be approved by the voters. Debt Service: Payment of principal and interest related to long-term borrowing. Comprehensive Budget Policy 19 Department: An organizational unit responsible for carrying out a major governmental function, such as Police or Finance. Direct Costs: The costs incurred directly by providing a specified service.These costs are associated with staff time spent performing service-related duties and include employee salary and benefits. In general, direct costs are any costs that can be traced directly to the production of a given service or product. Enterprise Fund: A fund used to account for continuing operations which provide services to the public that are similar to private business enterprises in nature,and where the intent is that the costs recovered will primarily be used to account for activities where the periodic determination of revenues and expenses is appropriate for capital maintenance,management control,or other public policy. An example would be the Water Fund. Expenditure/Expense: A decrease in net total assets. Expenses encompass all costs associated with the delivery of goods and rendering of services, including costs related to borrowing, renting, leasing, or purchasing assets(such as vehicles or machinery)and costs representing the use or time-related declining value (depreciation) of assets. Categories of expenses included in the operating budget are personnel services,operating expenditures,and capital outlay. Fee: Typically,a flat rate charged for the use of certain municipal services. Financial Sustainability:Ability to maintain financial capabilities over time. Fiscal Year: The annual period applicable to the annual operating budget. The City's standard fiscal year runs from October 1 through September 30. Certain activities of the City,primarily state and federal grant programs which are separate from the annual budget, are required to be accounted for in different fiscal years. Fund: A fiscal and accounting entity that is comprised of a self-balancing set of accounts which reflect all assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, and expenses necessary to disclose financial position and the results of operations. Generally, the number of individual funds should be kept at the lowest number that allows effective and efficient management, with activities that are similar in nature and purpose accounted for in the same fund. General Fund: The fund used to account for both general government activities and those activities not required to be accounted for in another fund. General Obligation Bond: A method of financing used by municipalities for capital improvement projects that are specifically authorized and repaid using the City's taxing power. Voters must approve the projects and purchases in a general obligation bond and by voting for it, also agree to tax to pay for the projects and purchases. Goal: The result or achievement toward which effort is directed. Governmental Fund: Those individual funds through which most governmental functions are typically financed. This category includes the General Fund, Special Revenue Funds, Capital Projects Funds, and Debt Service Funds. Comprehensive Budget Policy 20 Indirect Costs: The costs not directly accountable or associated with the production of a service,such as a fixed cost. Indirect costs include departmental overhead (operating expenses and internal administrative costs),as well as citywide overhead,including all those costs that support City programs and services. Long-Range Financial Planning: The process of aligning financial capacity with long-term strategic objectives. Modified Accrual Basis of Accounting: Revenues are recognized when they are both measurable and available. Revenues are considered measurable if the amount of the transaction can be reasonably determined. Expenditures are normally recognized when the related liability is incurred. All governmental funds and expendable trust funds are accounted for using the modified accrual basis of accounting. Performance Measures: Specific quantitative and qualitative measures of work performed. Program: A set of activities, operations, or organizational units designed and directed to accomplish specific service outcomes or objectives for a defined customer. Proprietary Fund: A proprietary fund is a fund in which certain transactions by the government and many nonprofit organizations are handled. These funds call for the services rendered under these accounts to be paid for by the patrons who use them. There are two main types of proprietary funds: an enterprise fund, which sells goods or services to the public(like the City's Water Fund or Sanitation Fund),and an internal service fund, which provides services to other parts of the government (the City has an Internal Service Fund which tracks the accounting activity of the City's Group Health Insurance plan). Revenue: Funds that the government receives as income. This includes tax payments, service or user fees,receipts from other governments,fines,forfeitures,grants,shared revenues,and interest income. Service: A system supplying a public need such as public safety,parks and programs,or utilities. Objective: A clear statement of what a program is intended to achieve in the short-term,given set resources Structurally Sound Budget: A budget that not only achieves and maintains structural balance where recurring revenues are equal to recurring expenditures in the adopted budget but also supports financial stability for multiple years into the future. Comprehensive Budget Policy 21 Exhibit A — Department Matrix Department Management Organizational Organizational Unit Name Responsibility Unit#/ Division City Council City Manager 510 City Council City Clerk City Clerk 511 City Clerk Office City Manager City Manager 512 City Manager Office 517 Other General Government Finance Finance Director 513 Finance Department 533-30000 Water - Utility Billing & Collections 581 Interfund Transfers Legal City Manager 514 Legal Planning& Planning 515 Planning&Development Development Director 522 Community Redevelopment Information I.T. Director 516 Information Technology(I.T.) Technology _ Police Department Chief of Police _ 521 _ Police Fire Department Fire Chief 522 Fire Suppression 525 EMS Transport _ 529 _ - Fire Inspections Public Works PW Director 533 - Water 534 Sanitation -- ---- 535 - -Sewer- -- --- -- ---- - _ 538 Stormwater 541 Street Maintenance 542 Grounds Maintenance 544 Fleet Maintenance 549 Facilities Maintenance Economic Economic 559 Economic Development Development Development Director Human Resources HR Director 560 Human Resources Procurement Procurement 565 Procurement Director Parks& Recreation Parks Director 572 Parks&Recreation 573 Historic Village _ 574 Special Events 575 Arts& Recreation 579 Performing Arts Center Comprehensive Budget Policy 22